In March, he uploaded to YouTube a stand-up special that had been recorded months earlier at Mumbai’s iconic Habitat club. The show, in part, poked fun at Mr. Modi’s party breaking up regional parties in the cash-rich state of Maharashtra to emerge victorious in the local elections.

In a segment parodying a famous Bollywood song, Mr. Kamra hinted that Eknath Shinde — who had broken up his own party and brought a faction of it to Mr. Modi — was a “gaddar” or traitor. Although Mr. Kamra hadn’t mentioned him by name, Mr. Shinde’s lieutenants immediately threatened violence unless he issued an apology.